Bulgarian sense-annotated corpus – between the tradition and novelty

Bulgarian sense-annotated corpus – between the tradition and noveltyThe Bulgarian Sense-annotated Corpus (BulSemCor) is compiled according to the general methodology established by the SemCor project. It is a subset of the Brown Corpus of Bulgarian semantically annotated with a corresponding synonym set (synset) in the Bulgarian wordnet. Unlike the bulk of sense-annotated corpora where only (sets of) content words are annotated, in BulSemCor each lexical unit has been assigned a sense. The main contributions achieved in the work on BulSemCor are briefly decides in the presented paper: definition of an annotation schema, compilation of an input corpus, development of a sense-annotated corpus, Bulgarian wordnet enlargement

Предикати за състояние: свойства и лингвистични тестове

The study presents linguistic tests for diagnosing Zeno Wendler’s verb classes, illustrated by selected Bulgarian verbs. The tests are divided into three groups, according to grammatical aspectuality, durativity and telicity, and agentivity. The research reveals that tests which rely on semantic compatibility at the lexical level (and not on semantic compatibility between lexical and grammatical level) are applicable for both English and Bulgarian. The research methodology is also based on Emmon Bach’s and David Dowty’s classifications of verb classes in which stage-level and individual-level predicates are distinguished, with a focus on agentivity in Dowty’s approach, as well as on Donald Davidson’s representation of action verbs as predicates with a hidden event argument, which has been refined by Claudia Maienborn to include a formal description of state predicates representing the ontological difference between two kinds of states: state verbs that denote true Davidsonian eventualities (Davidsonian states) and stative verbs that resist a Davidsonian analysis (Kimian states). These theoretical considerations allow to describe states as a heterogeneous class and provide reliable means for distinguishing different types of states.Predykaty stanu: właściwości i testy językoweW pracy przedstawiono niektóre z testów językowych, które służą do rozróżniania typów sytuacyjnych Zeno Vendlera, a dla języka bułgarskiego ich działanie zilustrowano na wybranej grupie czasowników wyrażających stan o ściśle określonym znaczeniu. Testy podzielono na trzy grupy uwzględniające: rozróżnienie gramatyczne, czas trwania i limit oraz agentywność. Na podstawie przeprowadzonych badań ustalono, że testy, które opierają się na zgodności semantycznej na poziomie leksykalnym (a nie na zgodności semantycznej między poziomem leksykalnym i gramatycznym) funkcjonują zarówno w języku angielskim, jak i w bułgarskim. W tekście przedstawiono również klasyfikacje typów sytuacyjnych Emmona Bacha i Davida Dowty, w których rozróżnia się stany trwałe i tymczasowe, przy czym w tej drugiej klasyfikacji wprowadza się rozróżnienie na podstawie obecności agentywności. Klasyfikacje typów sytuacyjnych zostały uzupełnione przez Claudię Maienborn przez przeniesienie Davidsonowskiej analizy czasowników oznaczających czynności jako predykatów z ukrytym argumentem zdarzenia do formalnego opisu predykatów stanu. W wyniku tego przeciwstawiono dwa typy stanów: stałe predykaty statyczne (stan Kimiana) i tymczasowe predykaty stanu (stan Davidsona), jak również sformułowane zostały testy językowe. Dzięki temu możliwy jest opis stanów jako grupy heterogenicznej i zyskuje się niezawodne narzędzia do określania przynależności czasownika lub przymiotnika orzekającego do odpowiedniej grupy klasyfikacyjnej

Bulgarian stative predicates

The paper offers a corpus-based analysis of stative verbs in Bulgarian depending on their representation of temporary or accidental properties and permanent or inherent properties. The terminology division is related to Carlson’s (1977) distinction between stage-level and individual-level predicates. We present a classification of verbal predicates based on event semantics (Davidsonian and Kimian predicates), the properties of the two main groups and the linguistic diagnostics for their differentiation (Maienborn 2005; 2007; 2019). We show that the morphological aspect in Bulgarian is also related to the distinction between the statives, on the one hand, and achievements and accomplishments, on the other hand, and statives can be only verbs in imperfective aspect. The study demonstrates that Davidsonian predicates and Kimian predicates can be effectively differentiated on the basis of a corpus study, which establishes the possibility or impossibility for the inclusion of such predicates in particular syntactic structures characterised by specific semantics: da-complements to perception verbs and compatibility with locative adverbial modifiers. The controversial results from the test with manner adverbial modifiers open questions for further investigation

Verb aspect, alternations and quantification

Verb aspect, alternations and quantificationIn this paper we are briefly discuss the nature of Bulgarian verb aspect and argue that the verb aspect pairs are different lexical units with different (although related) meaning, different argument structure (reflecting categories, explicitness and referential status of arguments) and different sets of semantic and syntactic alternations. The verb prefixes resulting in perfective verbs derivation in some cases can be interpreted as lexical quantifiers as well. Thus the Bulgarian verb aspect is related (in different way) both with the potential for the generation of alternations and with the prefixal lexical quantification. It is shown that the scope of the lexical quantification by means of verbal prefixes is the quantified verb phrase and the scope remains constant in all derived alternations. The paper concerns the basic issues of these complex problems, while the detailed description of the conditions satisfying particular alternation or particular lexical quantification are subject of a more detailed study

Multiword expressions: Insights from a multi-lingual perspective

Multiword expressions (MWEs) are a challenge for both the natural language applications and the linguistic theory because they often defy the application of the machinery developed for free combinations where the default is that the meaning of an utterance can be predicted from its structure. There is a rich body of primarily descriptive work on MWEs for many European languages but comparative work is little. The volume brings together MWE experts to explore the benefits of a multilingual perspective on MWEs. The ten contributions in this volume look at MWEs in Bulgarian, English, French, German, Maori, Modern Greek, Romanian, Serbian, and Spanish. They discuss prominent issues in MWE research such as classification of MWEs, their formal grammatical modeling, and the description of individual MWE types from the point of view of different theoretical frameworks, such as Dependency Grammar, Generative Grammar, Head-driven Phrase Structure Grammar, Lexical Functional Grammar, Lexicon Grammar

Multiword expressions: Insights from a multi-lingual perspective

Multiword expressions (MWEs) are a challenge for both the natural language applications and the linguistic theory because they often defy the application of the machinery developed for free combinations where the default is that the meaning of an utterance can be predicted from its structure. There is a rich body of primarily descriptive work on MWEs for many European languages but comparative work is little. The volume brings together MWE experts to explore the benefits of a multilingual perspective on MWEs. The ten contributions in this volume look at MWEs in Bulgarian, English, French, German, Maori, Modern Greek, Romanian, Serbian, and Spanish. They discuss prominent issues in MWE research such as classification of MWEs, their formal grammatical modeling, and the description of individual MWE types from the point of view of different theoretical frameworks, such as Dependency Grammar, Generative Grammar, Head-driven Phrase Structure Grammar, Lexical Functional Grammar, Lexicon Grammar

Multiword expressions: Insights from a multi-lingual perspective

Multiword expressions (MWEs) are a challenge for both the natural language applications and the linguistic theory because they often defy the application of the machinery developed for free combinations where the default is that the meaning of an utterance can be predicted from its structure. There is a rich body of primarily descriptive work on MWEs for many European languages but comparative work is little. The volume brings together MWE experts to explore the benefits of a multilingual perspective on MWEs. The ten contributions in this volume look at MWEs in Bulgarian, English, French, German, Maori, Modern Greek, Romanian, Serbian, and Spanish. They discuss prominent issues in MWE research such as classification of MWEs, their formal grammatical modeling, and the description of individual MWE types from the point of view of different theoretical frameworks, such as Dependency Grammar, Generative Grammar, Head-driven Phrase Structure Grammar, Lexical Functional Grammar, Lexicon Grammar

Multiword expressions: Insights from a multi-lingual perspective

Multiword expressions (MWEs) are a challenge for both the natural language applications and the linguistic theory because they often defy the application of the machinery developed for free combinations where the default is that the meaning of an utterance can be predicted from its structure. There is a rich body of primarily descriptive work on MWEs for many European languages but comparative work is little. The volume brings together MWE experts to explore the benefits of a multilingual perspective on MWEs. The ten contributions in this volume look at MWEs in Bulgarian, English, French, German, Maori, Modern Greek, Romanian, Serbian, and Spanish. They discuss prominent issues in MWE research such as classification of MWEs, their formal grammatical modeling, and the description of individual MWE types from the point of view of different theoretical frameworks, such as Dependency Grammar, Generative Grammar, Head-driven Phrase Structure Grammar, Lexical Functional Grammar, Lexicon Grammar

Multiword expressions: Insights from a multi-lingual perspective

Multiword expressions (MWEs) are a challenge for both the natural language applications and the linguistic theory because they often defy the application of the machinery developed for free combinations where the default is that the meaning of an utterance can be predicted from its structure. There is a rich body of primarily descriptive work on MWEs for many European languages but comparative work is little. The volume brings together MWE experts to explore the benefits of a multilingual perspective on MWEs. The ten contributions in this volume look at MWEs in Bulgarian, English, French, German, Maori, Modern Greek, Romanian, Serbian, and Spanish. They discuss prominent issues in MWE research such as classification of MWEs, their formal grammatical modeling, and the description of individual MWE types from the point of view of different theoretical frameworks, such as Dependency Grammar, Generative Grammar, Head-driven Phrase Structure Grammar, Lexical Functional Grammar, Lexicon Grammar